Infectious diseases are illnesses caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that can be transmitted from person to person or through vectors like insects. This category encompasses a wide range of conditions, including common illnesses like the flu and cold, as well as more severe diseases such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria. Understanding infectious diseases involves studying their causes, transmission methods, symptoms, and treatments, as well as strategies for prevention, such as vaccination and proper hygiene practices. The field is critical for public health, as it addresses outbreaks and epidemics while promoting awareness and education on managing infections.
